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Patterns of use and needs assessment of young adults using illicit drugs in Prague
Gažová, Nikola ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Černíková, Tereza (referee)
Background: Understanding patterns of use and the needs of young adult users of illegal addictive substances presents a challenge primarily due to the hidden nature of this problem. Individuals engaging in problem drug use (PDU) may face severe health and social problems. Prague stands among regions with the highest prevalence of PDU, yet low-threshold addiction services note an aging trend among their clients. Establishing contact with this group has the potential to reduce consequences and encourage less risky usage patterns, while simultaneously facilitating entry into further addiction care services. Aim: The aim of the research was to analyze the needs of the young adult substance users in Prague, who fit the definition of PDU according to EMCDDA, with a focus on identifying patterns of usage and needs in relation to low-threshold addiction services. The research results were intended to serve as an initiative for improving the services provided. Methods: A study employing the Rapid Assessment and Response (RAR) method was conducted. The research sample was obtained through purposive sampling and comprised 6 young adults in PDU in Prague (3 in contact with services, 3 from the hidden population), along with 18 key informants (peer workers, experts from low-threshold and other social services,...
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Community rejection of low threshold services for drug users in Prague
Valachová, Zuzana ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Tůmová, Kateřina (referee)
This paper focuses on the topic of low-threshold centers for drug users in the context of NIMBY attitudes, which refers to the resistance of local communities to the placement of these centers in their neighborhoods. Prague is currently struggling with a lack of these services, which despite the urgency of the situation, remains unresolved. This paper seeks to understand the relations between NIMBY attitudes and such centers and the impact these attitudes have. It also reveals other factors that influence their operations. Finally, the paper defines the main issues of these centers and proposes possible solutions. These goals were achieved through a multiple-case study of the Drop In and Progressive centers, which involved interviews with their managers. Media research was conducted to gain insight into the situation from other parties involved. It was found that the Drop In center does not face any disturbances, while the other was closed due to disturbances by its residents that reached the political level. The main factor causing troubles was the volume of clients in the area, which disrupted peace and safety. The large volume of clients is caused by a lack of such centers and other addiction services in Prague. If the load was spread across more locations, services and their clients would not...
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Continuum of care in hepatitis C screening and treatment: a survey among clients of low-threshold programs for people who use drugs
Věžníková, Martina ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Janíková, Barbara (referee)
Background: Half of the people with hepatitis C virus infection in the Czech Republic are injecting drug users. Low-threshold harm reduction-based treatment programs are an important pillar in the prevention and elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV);and for the continuity of care, it is essential to actively search for people with the infection (high rate of testing) and to follow up with further diagnosis and treatment.Identifying and responding to client barriers is necessary to maintain the continuum of care. Objectives: Theaim of the bachelor thesis was to describe the continuum of care in case of hepatitis C virus in clients of an outpatient and outreach programme for substance abusers in a low-threshold centre in Jihlava, from anti-HCV antibody screening to treatment entry and completion, and to describe the factors that influence the continuum of care. Methods: In June and July 2022, aquantitative analysis of existing data was conductedamong clients of a low-threshold facility for drug users in Jihlava. For the monitored period from 2017 to 2021, 243 clients of the outpatient program and 171 clients of the outreach program were included in the research. The obtained data were analysed in Microsoft Excel using descriptive statistics. Results: The research shows that 81 (33 %) clients of the...
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Possibilities and limits of online streetwork with people afflicted by substance abuse disorder
HÝŽOVÁ, Aneta
The thesis Possibilities and Limits of Online Streetwork with People Afflicted by Substance Abuse Disorder deals with the providing of field social service in the online space. The aim of the work was to describe the possibilities and limits of streetwork with drug users in the online space. The theoretical part presents knowledge related to social work with a given target group, such as streetwork method, contact work, crisis intervention and harm reduction. The second chapter focuses on online work in social services itself. The practical part of the thesis presents the process and results o qualitative research realized by the method of semi-structured interviews with field social workers at social service called Jihočeský streetwork PREVENT in České Budějovice. This organization works with substance abusers and provides its service, among other things, in the online space.
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Social work with mothers using illegal drugs
Šmídlová, Veronika ; Křížová, Eva (advisor) ; Hudcová, Eliška (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of drug addiction - both on a general level and for the addicted mothers with children specifically. In the introduction is presented the basic framework of drug addiction, how addiction can be defined and also recognized. Then, for the overall context of the topic, I present how the drug problem is approached at the international level and within the Czech Republic, including regulation of drugs use in the Czech legislation. In the context of prevention, I describe ways, in which this problem can be prevented. The next part of the thesis deals with the issue of drug addiction among women. Here I introduce the factors, leading to the development of addiction, what other problems may be associated with drugs use, what makes the addiction in the case of women specific, and then I move on to the effects of the mother's drugs use on the child, mentioning the rights of the child, who finds itself in a such situation and how it can be protected from the problems, caused by it's mother. In the last chapter, I describe social work with drugs users, what specific social services these people can use, and finally I deal with social support and reintegration for mothers, struggling with having drugs problem. Keywords social work, addiction, illegal drugs, drug users,...
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Possibilities and limits of the work of an addictologist in the Prison Servise of the Czech Republic
Čtveráčková, Jana ; Volfová, Anna (advisor) ; Fidesová, Hana (referee)
Background: Substance use among people commiting crime has been an important issue for a long time. Since 2016, the Czech Prison Service (VSČR) has established the position of an addictionologist to provide expert addiction care in prisons using the same interventions and procedures that are used in civilian facilities. The position is classified under health services, but is expected to work closely with correctional and detention services. The conditions of work depend on each prison specifics. Aims: The research describes actual situation of addictologists employed in the Prison Service of the Czech Republic. Using sub-objectives, the author tried to find out the characteristics of people working as addictologists in the Prison Service, to describe their activities in the Prison Service system and to find out the addictologist's view on the perceived possibilities and limits of this position. Methods: The base file was selected using the total selection method. All the 10 employees who were employed in the Prison Service at the time of the research as addictocologists were contacted. The research sample consisted of 8 workers who were interested in research participation. A qualitative method of semi-structured interviews was used in order to collect data via online communication tools or by...
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Securitization and Stigmatizaton of Illicit Drugs in Slovakia and their Impact on Users
Pecuch, Valentín ; Vostal, Filip (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
The thesis deals with the stigmatization and securitization of (illicit) drugs in Slovakia and its impact on drug users. Currently, drugs are seen as a threat to the security of society, and users are considered reprehensible non-members of society. The theory of securitization is expanded with a critical dimension that allows it not only to describe and evaluate the state of affairs, but possibly to contribute to the improvement of the situation through emancipation. Stigmatization helps to complement securitization, as it allows to show concrete effects on individuals. The thesis also elaborates on the evolution of attitudes towards drugs and drug users both in the international environment and Slovakia, as there have been major changes at the global level over the past century, often motivated by the interests of powerful states. In the Slovak environment, however, there was a sharp change of perspective only after 1989, and the thesis analyses this development in more detail up to the current day, in which stigmatization and securitization of drugs and users still persists. This perspective remains unchanged, despite statistics showing a decline in the number of illegal drug users. However, alcohol and cigarettes have seen an increase in users, also among young people. These findings are complemented by...
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Application of Task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership in streetwork with drug addicts.
KRATEJL, Martin
This Diploma thesis deals with the possibility od use of person-centered approach in field social work in streetwork. This thesis is made on the basis of a research of relevant literature. The theoretical part describes metamfetamin and other most commonly used drugs, along with defining the target population of metamfetamin users. Furthermore, the streework and the person-centered approach are disscussed. The thesis also illustrates an alternative method of harm reduction psychotherapy, which is further decribed in a example case of a client.
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Social Exclusion as a Determinant of Health in Pervitin Users
BRANDOVÁ, Nikola
The subject of my dissertation thesis is social exclusion of Pervitin users within the territory of České Budějovice and the therewith associated quality of their lives, which currently make a topical item. Though social exclusion can be seen as a frequent academical, political as well as public subject of discussion and the poor living conditions of those concerned are an issue brought to attention, no qualitative research into the social exclusion of this target group in our conditions has been made as yet. The theoretical section of my thesis describes current state of knowledge concerning the topics of social determinants of health, social exclusion, Pervitin (Methamphetamine), illegal use of drugs and therewith associated care for persons who abuse drugs and the quality of their lives, as well as the research on these topics. The following objectives were set for the research part of my dissertation thesis: 1) Identification of the effects of social exclusion on the health of Pervitin users in České Budějovice. 2) Description of the quality of life of Pervitin users in České Budějovice. For the purposes of my study, a combination of qualitative and quantitative research strategies was selected. Three research questions were set. These questions in the qualitative section deal with how social exclusion affects the health status of Pervitin users living in České Budějovice and how the users themselves reflect on the actual determinant of health. The quantitative section of my thesis poses a question how selected sociodemographic characteristics by WHOQOL-BREF relate to the domains of qualities of life. The research group for the qualitative research section consisted of users of Pervitin living in České Budějovice. There were 15 informants in total. The contingent valuation method was used to collect attributes data and the technique used was a combination of biographic-narrative and semi-structured interviews. Data acquired was analyzed using the grounded theory method with the Atlas.ti. software used to analyze the attributes data Quantitative data was collected through a questionnaire survey performed by distributing a standardized WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire to a representative sample consisting of 437 respondents, all users of Pervitin in the South-Bohemian Region. Data of quantitative nature were transposed from completed questionnaires to a data matrix and subsequently processed statistically. Descriptive statistics were performed in MS Excel and hypotheses were tested using the IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 24.0. Informants' responses were encoded and categorized, resulting in two models describing the process how Pervitin users access health care and the phenomena of the actual use within the context of the society. As a result of the WHOQL-BREF questionnaire, in the physical and mental health and social relations domain, relationship with the other sex appeared to be statistically relevant, where women showed significantly worse scores than men. Another statistically relevant relationship was confirmed between how long the drug abuse has been lasting and the physical and mental health of the user. The quality of life in these domains becomes lower proportionately with the length of Pervitin use. The dissertation thesis provides an insight into the issue of social exclusion of Pervitin users. Considering the size of the research group, the results cannot be generalized but can serve as a base for social workers aiming at Pervitin users at all levels, ranging from contact centres and field programs and addiction clinics to therapy communities and convalescent centres.
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Specific needs of clients in in the execution of a custodial sentence - case studies
Mádlová, Adéla ; Gabrhelíková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Svoboda, Martin (referee)
Background: Penitentiary care for clients with addictology issues is still an insufficiently discussed topic. Especially if we emphasize that a significant number of clients, ie users of addictive substances (especially illegal ones) have experience in serving a custodial sentence. The fact that more attention needs to be paid to the care of users of illegal addictive substances in prisons was confirmed by the Prison Service of the Czech Republic by creating a position for addictologists in prisons in 2018, following a successful pilot project. Targets: The core of the final work are case studies with the aim of examining the issue of matching needs in individual addictology services offered by Bělušice Prison. Given the prison's limited capacity to provide addictology services, also answer the question of whether the programs and interventions provided are sufficient or whether the possibility of setting up or amending one of the intervention programs could not be considered in the future. Research group: The research method of the case study was used for the clinical part of the final diploma thesis. The method of long-term observation and the study of available documentation were used to obtain information. Reduction and organization of information was used for data analysis, ie content analyzes...
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